Seagate BarraCuda 2.5-Inch Internal Hard Drive
Perfect for laptop storage, mobile storage, all-in-one storage, external storage

Features:

2.5-Inch Barracuda Hard Drives

Big Capacity in a Small Form Factor

Multi-Tier Caching Technology:

How Layering an Application’s Cache Improves Performance

Modern data storage needs go far beyond just computing. From creative professional environments to desktop systems, Seagate provides solutions for almost any application that requires large volumes of storage. As a leader in NAND, hybrid, SMR and conventional magnetic recording technologies, Seagate applies different levels of caching and media optimization to benefit performance and capacity. Multi-Tier Caching (MTC) Technology brings the highest performance and areal density to a multitude of applications. Each Seagate product is uniquely tailored to meet the performance requirements of a specific use case with the right memory, NAND, and media type and size. This paper explains how MTC Technology works to optimize hard drive performance.

MTC Technology: Key Advantages

Capacity requirements can vary greatly from business to business. While the fastest performance can be achieved using Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) cache, the data in the DRAM is not persistent through power cycles and DRAM is very expensive compared to other media. NAND flash data survives through power cycles but it is still very expensive compared to a magnetic storage medium. Magnetic storage media cache offers good performance at a very low cost. On the downside, media cache takes away overall disk drive capacity from PMR or SMR main store media.

MTC Technology solves this dilemma by using these diverse media components in combination to offer different levels of performance and capacity at varying price points. By carefully tuning firmware with appropriate cache types and sizes, the end user can experience excellent overall system performance. Since the disk drive on-board controller manages the data flow, the operating system and application work seamlessly in executing read/write operations.

MTC Technology is the performance solution for the best daily end user experience.

Single-Tier vs. Multi-Tier Caching

Traditional disk drives use single-tier cache to speed up data flow from the host to the magnetic media main store-also known as permanent storage. In this scheme, shown in Figure 2, DRAM serves many purposes. A small DRAM buffers randomly written data and reorders them before writing to the main store. Reducing the number of seeks during a write improves random write performance significantly. During sequential write operations, such as streaming, DRAM helps to minimize fragmented writes by merging writes to disk. DRAM also serves as a read look-ahead cache, which can help certain random read operations. However, due to the limited size of the DRAM, the benefit of the read look-ahead cache is limited.

Figure 2. Traditional HDD Caching Data Flow

MTC technology adds various caching layers to further improve both read and write performances. Depending on Seagate’s implementation, some or all of the caching tiers can be utilized for a specific product. In data shown in Figure 3, NAND flash and Media cache layers are added to provide additional performance boost. In this example, NAND flash is used to store most-often-read data to increase read performance while media cache is used to merge small block writes. Since the NAND flash size is in the order of gigabytes compared to the hundreds of megabytes found on DRAM, cache hit is higher by order of 100 times. For fragmented write operations, media cache boosts performance as DRAM reaches its limit. Media cache can sustain a near-sequential data rate of up to scores of gigabytes to better handle burst workloads. All user data are protected and moved in and out of the main store storage without host intervention, making the MTC Technology completely transparent to the user.

Figure 3. MTC Technology HDD Caching Data Flow

MTC Technology: Understanding the Layers of Performance and Capacity

As each layer of caching has an associated cost per storage unit, it is important to understand the performance metric of each component as well as the practical capacity provided by each component. Figure 4 shows the approximate buffering/storage capacity, performance metric as well as unique performance characteristics of each component. Combination of these components and firmware implementation are used to optimize the performance and capacity requirements for a given application.

Figure 4. Capacity + Performance + Unique Characteristics + Firmware = High-Functioning Storage

Terms and Definitions

• MTC Technology (Multi-Tier Caching Technology) - Seagate’s trademarked caching scheme which utilizes multiple memory schemes and firmware to optimize data flow to enhance both read and write performance.
• PMR - Perpendicular magnetic recording
• SMR - Shingled magnetic recording
• MC (Media Cache) - A temporary non-user addressable storage on magnetic media used to buffer incoming or outgoing data.
• MS (Main Store) - A permanent user addressable storage on magnetic storage. Data can be either storage on PMR or SMR media.
• DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) - Volatile memory used to temporarily store data for computing purpose.
• NAND Flash - Non-volatile solid state memory used to store bulk data.

MTC Technology Media Cache & Main Store Usage Cases

The usage of media cache and main store based on each application is illustrated in Table 1. Each application has typical data storage usage noted by file size and its inherent workload characteristics by sequential write, sequential read, random write and random read. These file sizes and workload characteristics drive cache size and type requirements. For example, compute environment deals with small files that are written and read randomly on the HDD. This workload is characterized by high likelihood of random write and random read. Media cache and other caching usages can be high, while the main store data storage requirement is fairly low. By contrast, single-drive surveillance applications deal with large files that are highly sequential read and write. This workload doesn’t require much media cache to boost performance. It does, however, require lots of main store data storage capacity.

Conclusion

Seagate is committed to delivering storage solutions with the highest performance and capacity available. Unique to the Seagate brand, MTC Technology breaks barriers by leveraging media cache, NAND and DRAM in a variety of hard drives for high-performance workloads. BarraCuda Pro, the essential HDD for creative professionals and high-performance desktops, is an excellent example of a drive that hits a high sequential data rate thanks to MTC Technology. Due to the adaptability and affordability of a MTC Technology approach, individuals and small and medium businesses alike can hone in on the full capabilities of their storage drive-ultimately leading to faster and more efficient workflows.

Specifications:

Specifications	5TB	4TB	3TB	2TB	1TB
Model Number	ST5000LM000	ST4000LM024	ST3000LM024	ST2000LM015	ST1000LM049
Bytes per Sector (logical/physical)	512/4096	512/4096	512/4096	512/4096	512/4096
Performance
Interface	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s
Data Transfer Rate (MB/s)	Up to 140	Up to 140	Up to 140	Up to 140	Up to 160
Cache (MB)	128	128	128	128	128
Spindle Speed (RPM)	5400	5400	5400	5400	7200
Reliability / Data Integrity
Load/Unload Cycles	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000	600,000
Head-Rest Method	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load
Nonrecoverable Read Errors per Bits Read, Max	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14
Limited Warranty (years)1	2	2	2	2	5
Power Management
Startup Current (+5V, A)	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.0
Read/Write Power, Average (W)	1.9/2.1	1.9/2.1	1.9/2.1	1.7/1.8	1.9/1.7
Idle Power, Average (W)	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.5	0.7
Environmental/Temperature
Temperature, Operating (°C)	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C
Temperature, Nonoperating (°C)	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C
Shock, Operating: 2ms (Gs)	300	300	300	400	400
Shock, Nonoperating: 1ms (Gs)	650	650	650	1000	1000
Acoustics, Idle, Typical (bels-sound power)	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.2	2.2
Acoustics, Seek, Typical (bels-sound power)	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.4	2.4
Physical
Height (mm/in)	15.0mm/0.59in	15.0mm/0.59in	15.0mm/0.59in	7.0mm/0.276in	7.0mm/0.276in
Width (mm/in)	69.85mm/2.75in	69.85mm/2.75in	69.85mm/2.75in	101.85mm/4.010in	101.85mm/4.010in
Depth (mm/in)	100.35mm/3.951in	100.35mm/3.951in	100.35mm/3.951in	146.99mm/5.787in	146.99mm/5.787in
Weight (g/lb, max)	190g/0.42lb	190g/0.42lb	190g/0.42lb	90g/0.198lb	85g/0.187lb
Carton Unit Quantity	40	40	40	50	50
Cartons Per Pallet/Layer	60 / 10	60 / 10	60 / 10	60 / 10	60 / 10
Special Features
Multi-Tier Caching Technology	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Halogen Free	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
RoHS Compliance	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Specifications	1TB	500GB	500GB
Model Number	ST1000LM048	ST500LM034	ST500LM030
Bytes per Sector (logical/physical)	512/4096	512/4096	512/1/4096
Performance
Interface	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s	SATA 6Gb/s
Data Transfer Rate (MB/s)	Up to 140	Up to 160	Up to 140
Cache (MB)	128	128	128
Spindle Speed (RPM)	5400	7200	5400
Reliability / Data Integrity
Load/Unload Cycles	600,000	600,000	600,000
Head-Rest Method	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load	QuietStep Ramp Load
Nonrecoverable Read Errors per Bits Read, Max	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14	1 per 10E14
Limited Warranty (years)1	2	5	2
Power Management
Startup Current (+5V, A)	1.0	1.0	1.0
Read/Write Power, Average (W)	1.6/1.7	1.9/1.7	1.6/1.7
Idle Power, Average (W)	0.45	0.7	0.45
Environmental/Temperature
Temperature, Operating (°C)	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C	0°C - 60°C
Temperature, Nonoperating (°C)	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C	-40°C - 70°C
Shock, Operating: 2ms (Gs)	400	400	400
Shock, Nonoperating: 1ms (Gs)	1000	1000	1000
Acoustics, Idle, Typical (bels-sound power)	2.0	2.2	2.0
Acoustics, Seek, Typical (bels-sound power)	2.2	2.4	2.2
Physical
Height (mm/in)	7.0mm/0.276in	7.0mm/0.276in	7.0mm/0.276in
Width (mm/in)	101.85mm/4.010in	101.85mm/4.010in	101.85mm/4.010in
Depth (mm/in)	146.99mm/5.787in	146.99mm/5.787in	146.99mm/5.787in
Weight (g/lb, max)	90g/0.198lb	85g/0.187lb	90g/0.198lb
Carton Unit Quantity	50	50	50
Cartons Per Pallet/Layer	60 / 10	60 / 10	60 / 10
Special Features
Multi-Tier Caching Technology	Yes	Yes	Yes
Halogen Free	Yes	Yes	Yes
RoHS Compliance	Yes	Yes	Yes

Views:

Documentation:

Download the Seagate BarraCuda 2.5-Inch HDD Datasheet (.PDF)